Stacie Kimball, of Glenwood, captured a spectacular sundogs display last Thursday(12/5/13) morning. Sundogs are formed by hexagonal-shaped ice crystals high in the cirrus clouds, more readily seen on cold days. Thursday certainly qualified, with schools in the Minnewaska area running two hours late due to dangerous wind chills. The name “sundogs” may come from the position of the two bright spots on the halo surrounding the sun, with the spots heeling at the right and left side of their master.

Gravitational lensing, predicted by Einstein’s general theory of relativity, is the bending of light as it travels from a source to the observer. The motion of photons is affected by the gravitational potential of massive objects. In most observed cases of gravitational lensing, a massive foreground object (lens) bends the light emitted by a distant background object (source). When the objects are approximately in a common line of sight, the source does not appear at its ‘true’ location in the sky. Assuming that the distance between the source and lens is known, gravitational lensing can be an excellent method of measuring the mass of the ‘lens.’

To date, gravitational lensing has been observed in galaxies and galaxy clusters, within the Milky Way as stars pass between Earth’s line-of-sight to more distant stars, and in eclipsing binary white dwarf stars (dense stellar remnants).1–3 Light from the source is bent by the lens, and the source appears to originate from two separate locations. These locations occur at a characteristic angular distance from the lens, known as the Einstein radius. When the lens and source almost overlap in the sky, the source appears to be stretched out into an ‘Einstein ring’ (see Figure 1). In both cases, more photons from the source are observed than if the lens were not present. This leads to a net amplification of the source brightness. In some situations, the double source image or the Einstein ring is directly imaged (as in Figure 1). In other cases, the source is unresolved but the net amplification of the source brightness is observed.

From the observational point of view, the most effective way to discover the existence of a non-closed cosmic string is the detection of what we define as sort of a “milky way” of gravitationally lensed background sources which look like a chain of gravitationally lensed pairs. Since a cosmic string has a long structure it is more probably to observe a set of such pairs, rather than isolated pairs. It seems that for significantly curved string, instead of pairs, more images will appear (3 shown in the video – possibly from 2 pair), but we do not take into account these possibilities as they seem more rare.

EARTH IS A BRANE AND SO IS THE SUN AND SO WERE THE NUCLEI OF ISON WHICH ENERGIZED THESE COSMIC STRINGS, creating cusps and the resulting cold weather and precipitation we are currently getting. AND WE HUMANS ARE QUANTUM BRANE DECAY PEOPLE…:)

AND THE EARTH IS NOT ROUND!

It’s probably a 6-D vacuum brane Toroid at the core.  I wonder where those strings are right now? Lots of ionization potential at the surface of those strings, remember that ice halo right after the Indonesia Earthquake? There is a tremendous amount of ionizing vacuum energy curled up there.

Godspeed